Reading digital- versus print-easy texts: a study with university students who prefer digital sources

The transition from on-paper to on-screen reading seems to make it necessary to raise some considerations, as a greater attentional efort has been claimed for print texts than digital ones. Not surprisingly, most university students prefer this digital medium. This research aims to examine reading times by contextualizing this phenomenon into two processes: namely, word recognition and reading comprehension task on paper and on screen. Thus, two diferent tasks­counterbalanced into digital and print mediums­were carried out per each participant with a preference for a digital medium: a reading comprehension task (RCT) and a lexical decision task (LDT) after reading a specifc story. Participants were slower reading print texts and no statistically signifcant diferences were found in RCT accuracy. This result suggests that the task required more cognitive resources under the print medium for those with a worse comprehension performance in reading, and a more conservative pattern in digital RCT for those with a better performance.

Perception of the use and understanding of nutrition labels among different socioeconomic groups in Mexico: a qualitative study / Percepción del uso y comprensión del etiquetado de alimentos en diferentes grupos socioeconómicos de México: un estudio cualitativo

Abstract: Objectiv: To explore the perception of the use and comprehension of the nutrition labeling (GDA, NFT, NS) and claims in packaged foods among different socio economic-status (SES). Materials and methods: This was a qualitative study, 12 focus groups were performed in four cities of Mexico. Participants were recruited outside the supermarkets, which were selected according to SES using Basic Geostatistical Areas. The focus groups had a total of 78 participants. Results: Participants perceived several barriers to the use and understanding of the GDA; like technicalities of the terms used, and the format (small font size and percentages). Claims are mistrusted in general. Participants from the high SES believed that the claims are just a marketing strategy. Conclusion: This study shows the consumers' difficulties to understand the current nutrition labeling system regardless SES. These data might call attention in order to implement a simpler nutrition labeling system that is understood regardless of SES.

Resumen: Objetivo: Explorar la percepción sobre el uso y la comprensión del etiquetado de alimentos (GDA, NFT, NS) y sobre las declaraciones de alimentos empaquetados entre diferentes niveles socioeconómicos (NSE). Material y métodos: Estudio cualitativo en el que se formaron 12 grupos focales en cuatro ciudades de México. Los participantes fueron reclutados afuera de supermercados y fueron seleccionados por nivel socioeconómico, a partir de Áreas Geoestadísticas Básicas. El número total de participantes fue 78. Resultados: Los participantes percibieron barreras para el uso y comprensión del GDA como términos técnicos utilizados, fuente pequeña y porcentajes numéricos. Se reportó desconfianza hacia las declaraciones en alimentos empaquetados. Los participantes del NSE alto perciben que las declaraciones son estrategia de marketing. Conclusión: Este estudio muestra las dificultades para entender el etiquetado de alimentos actual entre diferentes NSE. Estos datos enfatizan la necesidad de implementar un etiquetado que sea comprendido entre NSE.

Luxación de la articulación temporomandibular: apropósito de un caso y su diagnóstico diferencial / Luxation of the temporomandibular joint: about a case report and its differential diagnosis

Resumen La luxación temporomandibular es infrecuente, pero genera gran repercusión en el esqueleto facial. En ocasiones el cuadro clínico inicial es inespecífico y puede confundirse con otras patologías si no se tiene un adecuado conocimiento del tema, o se realiza una anamnesis incorrecta. Este artículo presenta el caso de una paciente que consultó al servicio de urgencias por disartria y desviación de la comisura labial hacia la izquierda, asociado a dolor severo y parestesia en hemicara derecha. No obstante, al ingreso la paciente refirió síntomas ambiguos, que para el médico evaluador sugirieron una causa neurológica. Durante la observación se solicitó valoración por servicio de cirugía plástica, se logró orientación de la anamnesis y examen físico, obteniendo una impresión diagnóstica de luxación de articulación temporomandibular derecha, confirmada por imagenología, y por ende un tratamiento oportuno con reducción e inmovilización en el servicio de urgencias. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(3):49-54

Abstract The temporomandibular joint dislocation is uncommon, but it causes a great repercussion on the facial skeleton. Occasionally, the initial symptoms can be unspecific and confuse with other pathologies if there are not an adequate knowledge of the topic and the anamnesis is incorrect. This article presents a clinical case of a patient with dysarthria and left deviation of the labial commissure, associated with severe pain and paresthesia in the right side of the face. Nevertheless, the patient initially referred ambiguous symptoms, suggesting a neurological cause. During observation in the emergency room, plastic surgery service valorated the patient, with subsequent orientation of the anamnesis and physical examination, achieving a satisfactory management of the acute dislocation. MÉD.UIS.2019;32(3):49-54

Estudo queiloscópico em graduandos da Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco: estudo-piloto / Study cheiloscopy in undergraduate of the Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco: pilot study

Esse estudo teve como objetivo identificar e classificar os sulcos das impressões labiais obtidas, e estabelecer relação entre os tipos de sulcos presentes nas impressões labiais e o fenótipo cor da pele e o sexo. A amostra foi composta por 60 estudantes de graduação do curso de Odontologia, de ambos os sexos. Para determinação e classificação dos sulcos labiais (Tipos I, I', II, III, IV e V), fez-se uso de amostras individuais de batons para tomada das impressões em suporte de cartolina branca. O sulco labial mais comum encontrado foi o Tipo I, seguido pelo Tipo II e pelo Tipo I'. Nos sexos feminino e masculino, o Tipo I e Tipo II foram os padrões dominantes. Os sulcos do Tipo II e I` foram predominantes em melanodermas; nos faiodermas e leucoderma, no entanto, os padrões predominantes foram os Tipos I e II. Pode-se concluir que a análise da impressão labial tem o potencial para o reconhecimento do gênero de um indivíduo, embora requeira um estudo detalhado para a realização correta do queilograma... (AU)

The aim of this study was to identify and classify the grooves of lip prints obtained, and establish a relationship between the types of labial grooves present on the prints and the phenotype of skin color and gender. The sample consisted of 60 graduate students, of both sexes. For determination and classification of lip grooves (Types I, I', II, III, IV and V), individual lip printing taken from lipsticks on white cardboard were used. The most common labial groove found, according to the classification proposed by Suzuky and Tsuchihaschi (1970), was type I, followed by Type II and Type I'. In females and in males, Type I and II were the dominant patterns. The grooves of the type II and I' were prevalent in melanoderm, in faioderm and in Caucasian the predominants patterns were types I and II. It can be concluded that lip print analysis has the potential for the recognition of the gender of an individual, but requires a detailed study to correctly perform the cheilogram... (AU)

Modelos anatómicos personalizados impresos en 3D como herramientas para el aprendizaje y la preparación de intervenciones / Custom 3D printed anatomical models as tools for learning and preparation of Interventions / Modelos anatômicos personalizados impressos em 3D como ferramentas para aprendizagem e preparação de intervenções

Objetivo: presentar un método de desarrollo basado en dos casos de modelos anatómicos personalizados impresos en 3D, el\r\nprimero una arteria cerebral y el segundo una estructura ósea del húmero humano, a fin de ejemplificar el uso de herramientas\r\nde visualización tridimensionales para planificar intervenciones quirúrgicas. Método: se seleccionaron imágenes médicas de\r\ntomografías computarizadas o imágenes de resonancia magnética de pacientes anónimos y la sección específica del órgano se\r\nsegmentó con el software 3D Slicer. El modelo se convirtió en mallas poligonales en tres dimensiones, se optimizó y se imprimió\r\nen 3D. La morfología del órgano representada en el modelo anatómico se validó con especialistas para determinar si son oportunas\r\npara planificar procedimientos médicos. Resultados: diversos modelos anatómicos de los mismos casos se elaboraron en dos laboratorios de fabricación digital, uno en la Universidad El Bosque y otro en el FabLab Valencia, con diferentes variables en su\r\nproceso técnico y características, dada la dificultad de morfologías y delicadeza de las estructuras presentes en el cuerpo humano.\r\nConclusiones: con el método presentado sí es posible realizar modelos anatómicos personalizados en 3D para visualizar y simular\r\nestructuras anatómicas de pacientes útiles en la planeación de cirugías y la enseñanza de anatomía, que podrían mejorar el éxito\r\nen las intervenciones y el entrenamiento de profesionales en áreas de la salud.

Objective: To present a method of development based on\r\ntwo cases of custom anatomical models printed in 3D; the\r\nfirst one a cerebral artery and the second a bone structure\r\nof the human humerus, to exemplify the use of three-dimensional\r\nvisualization tools to perform planning of surgical\r\noperations. Method: It consisted of: a) Searching CT or MRI\r\nimages of anonymous patients, b) Segmenting with the 3D\r\nSlicer software the specific section of the organ, c) Converting\r\nthe model into polygonal meshes in three dimensions, d)\r\nOptimizing and printing in 3D, e) Validating with specialists\r\nthe organ morphology to determine if they are pertinent to\r\nplanning medical procedures. Results: Models were made in\r\ntwo different manufacturing laboratories; El Bosque University\r\nand FabLab in Valencia, with various anatomical models\r\nmanufactured of the same case with different variables in their\r\nprocess and characteristics given the difficulty of morphologies\r\nand delicacy of the structures present in the human body.\r\nConclusion: The method presented does provide useful results\r\nas an example for the planning of surgeries and anatomy\r\nteaching of anatomical structures in different scenarios that\r\ncould improve the success in interventions and the training of\r\nprofessionals in health areas.

Objetivo: apresentar um método de desenvolvimento de\r\nmodelos anatômicos personalizados em 3D para exemplificar\r\no uso de ferramentas de visualização para realizar planificação\r\nde operações cirúrgicas. Realizaram-se dois modelos como\r\nexemplo; o primeiro uma artéria cerebral e o segundo uma\r\nestrutura óssea do úmero humano. Método: o método de\r\ntrabalho consistiu em a) Buscar imagens médicas realizadas\r\ncom CT ou MRI de pacientes anônimos, b) Segmentar com o\r\nsoftware 3D Slicer a seção específica do órgão, c) Converter o\r\nmodelo em malhas poligonais em três dimensões, d) Otimizar\r\ne imprimir em 3D, e) Validar com especialistas a morfologia do\r\nórgão para determinar se são pertinentes para planejar procedimentos\r\nmédicos. Resultados: fabricou-se em dois laboratórios\r\nde fabricação diferentes, um na Universidad El Bosque e outro\r\nno FabLab Valencia, diversos modelos anatômicos do mesmo\r\ncaso com diferentes variáveis em seu processo e características\r\ndada a dificuldade de morfologias e delicadeza das estruturas\r\npresentes no corpo humano. Conclusão: o método apresentado\r\nproporciona resultados úteis para o planejamento de\r\ncirurgias e ensino de anatomia de estruturas anatômicas em\r\ndiferentes cenários que poderiam melhorar o êxito das intervenções\r\ne o treinamento de profissionais na área de saúde.

Manejo de impresiones en prótesis parciales removibles en la práctica odontológica en tres laboratorios dentales / Management wrapped removable partial dentures in dental practice dental laboratories in three

Se estudió el manejo de impresiones en prótesis parciales removibles en la práctica odontológica a través del análisis de los patrones de frecuencias en relación a la clasificación de Kennedy, tipos de impresión, técnica utilizada, material de impresión y forma de envío; para tal fin se realizaron encuestas en tres laboratorios de la ciudad de Caracas, Venezuela. Se evidenció que en la práctica privada existe una falla en el manejo impresiones enviadas al laboratorio; el tipo de impresión enviada con mayor frecuencia es la anatómica aún en casos a extensión distal. Finalmente, se ratifica la importancia de estudios de este tipo de impresiones para proveer información a los programas de pregrado, postgrado y educación continua...

Impression techniques in removable partial dentures in private practice were studied. The frequency patterns related to Kennedy classification, types of impression, techniques, impression materials and referral form to laboratory technicians were analyzed. The results showed a poor handling of impression procedures. Anatomical impression was the most often impression sent even in distal extension cases. Finally, it confirms the importance of such studies to provide information to undergraduate programs, graduate and continuing education...

[Comparison of sleep disorders in shift and non-shift workers employed in a printing factory in Tehran 2010]

According to the previous studies, 25 percent of the total workforce is faced with the shift working. Sleep disorders are the most common health complaint of the shift workers. This study was designed to examine the sleep status of workers in a printing factory. We aimed to investigate the association between prevalence of sleep disorders with shift working and other probable factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted among workers of a printing factory in Tehran, 2010. Required information was gathered through a questionnaire consisting of three parts: Demographic data, ESS questionnaire [Epworth Sleepiness Scale] and SMII questionnaire [Sleep Med Insomnia Index]. Collected data from 385 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. P values <0. 05 were considered significant statistically. According to the results of the analysis, shift working, drug consumption and smoking were significantly associated with the prevalence of sleep disorders [especially with prevalence of insomnia]. Logistic regression analysis was also performed for insomnia. The Odds Ratio for shift working and drug consumption were 2.3 and 3.2, respectively. Based on this study, shift working could be considered as an important risk factor of sleep disorders. However, further studies are needed to confirm this theory and to plan for reducing such disorders among shift workers

The design and implementation of DICOM self-help film printing system / 中国医疗器械杂志

This article focuses on the design and implementation of self-help film printing system which based on DICOM standard. According to DICOM standard and the working process of the radiology department, the system realizes self-help printing film as well as monitoring and managing the film printing business.

Lenticular card: A new method for denture identification.

Aim: The need for denture marking is important for forensic and social reasons in case patients need to be identified individually. Majority of the surface marking and inclusion techniques are expensive, time consuming, and do not permit the incorporation of large amounts of information. In this article, the method to include a lenticular identification card stood out from the currently available denture marking methods in various ways. The lenticular card stores the patient's information has two or more images that can be viewed by changing the angle of view. Materials and Methods: The maxillary denture was processed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The lenticular identification card was incorporated in the external posterior buccal surface of the maxillary denture using salt and pepper technique. For testing of durability, denture with the identifier was placed in water for up to 4 months. Conclusion: The proposed method is simple, cheap, and can store a large amount of information, thus allowing quick identification of the denture wearer. The labels showed no sign of fading or deterioration.

Efectos de los desinfectantes en hidrocoloides irreversibles / Effects of disinfectants on irreversible hydrocolloid

Los hidrocoloides irreversibles son los materiales más utilizados para obtener impresiones dentales. Después de realizada la impresión con el material y técnica adecuadas, el paso que sigue antes del vaciado es la desinfección. Las impresiones no deben representar vehículos de transmisión de microorganismo que puedan generar contaminación cruzada entre pacientes, personal dental y de laboratorio. La naturaleza del desinfectante, el tiempo que actúa sobre la impresión, La técnica de desinfección utilizada y la concentración de los desinfectantes influyen sobre la estabilidad dimensional de las impresiones. Una adecuada interacción entre los agentes químicos desinfectantes y los materiales de impresión trae como resultados modelos de trabajo libres de contaminación, sin sacrificar la exactitud y las dimensiones lineales de las impresiones dentales. Los objetivos del presente trabajo son describir los cambios dimensionales según el desinfectante y el procedimiento utilizado para la desinfección de impresiones con hidrocoloides irreversibles y diferenciar cual es la técnica que posee los mejores resultados en la desinfección de impresiones con hidrocoloides irreversibles. El propósito es proporcionar al odontólogo general información sobre la concentración y tiempo óptimos que deben actuar los desinfectantes sobre los hidrocoloides irreversibles de manera a evitar las infecciones cruzadas y mantener la estabilidad dimensional. Las conclusiones fueron que el procedimiento de inmersión y de aspiración realizadas en forma correcta no producen efectos significativos sobre la estabilidad dimensional, que las inmersiones hasta 30 minutos no alteran la precisión clínica de las impresiones con hidrocoloides irreversibles y que el procedimiento de inmersión es la mejor técnica para desinfección por su mayor contacto con el material .

Occupational hearing impairment among noise-exposed workers in printing facilities

The present field study aimed at determining the prevalence and factors affecting hearing impairment among printing workers. A cross sectional survey of 144 eligible printing facilities workers was done. Exposure categories to noise either [low vs. high risk] were assigned to studied workers according to the work nature. An interview questionnaire, workers audiometric assessment and workplace noise levels have been measured. The overall prevalence of hearing impairment was 31.3%, and among those [high risk exposure] 44.1% of workers had hearing impairment, while only 8.5% of those exposed to low level of noise had hearing impairment. Multivariate analysis revealed that occupational exposure to noise, age and smoking were the strongest predictors [ORs: 7.3, 5.4, 2.8 respectively] of hearing impairment among studied workers. The observed hearing loss was located mainly at 4000 Hz and findings indicate that high risk workers are occupationally exposed to high levels of noise, and present high rates of noise-induced hearing loss [NIHL]. There is a need for interventions to reduce the risk for the development of NIHL among exposed workers

A bibliographical study on the Gapjinjache Naeuiwonjabon of Sikmulboncho / 의사학

"Sikmulboncho" that is quoted several times to "Donguibogam(Medical Thesaurus of Korea)" published several times in 3 countries(Korea, China & Japan) as important data of botany study. Gapjinjache "Sikmulboncho", one of the bronze metal type, that exist our country was publicated in early Seonjo(1552-1608) era. Actually there are 3 items(Korea university collection, Asami library collection, Oksan seowon collection) of Gapjinjache Naeuiwonjabon one of the wooden type seen become publication after 1607 year. Bronze metal type composes the major part for Gapjinjabon, but wood type was also mixed much. Wooden type composes the major part for Naeuiwonjabon, while bronze type was little mixed. Bronze metal type disappears by wear class gradually to during 40 years and instead of this, used wood type was used. Foundation and base of this publication have formed in itself Eulhaejache Naeeuiwonjabon that start "Donguibogam" in process that do this way. Therefore, Naeeuiwon do not publish various medical books like a Naeeuiwonjabon suddenly in early 17th century. I can speak that is caused in experience and potential power that already publish this Gapjinjabon medical book ago by medical history.

Carbamoylethylated cassia gum as thickener in printing linen fabrics

Galactomannan gum isolated from the Cassia seeds was subjected to carbamoylethylation which involved the reaction of the gum with acrylamide along with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. Four carbamoylethylated Cassia gum samples having different nitrogen content [2.78 to 4.28%] were prepared via changing the amount of the etherifying agent used [25 to 100g acrylamide/ 100g dry gum]. Modification of Cassia galactomannan gum via carbamoylethylation converts the gum into a water soluble derivative and increased its stability to storing. The results related with the rheological characterization of the carbamoylethylated Cassia gum derivatives showed that it exhibited non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behaviour irrespective of the degree of carbamoylethylation. Increasing the extent of carbamoylethylation was accompanied by an enhancement in the apparent viscosity. Storing of the pastes for three days caused a decrease in their apparent viscosties, which may be due to partial hydrolysis of the modified gum molecules. It can be concluded that carbamoylethylated Cassia gum derivatives could be used successfully as suitable thickening agents in reactive printing of linen fabrics

Improving polyester fabrics working properties using alkali printing

Two different weights of 100% polyester fabrics were printed with meypro gum thickening agent containing sodium hydroxide with different concentrations. Different steaming time and temperature were also applied to determine the optimum conditions for this alkali printing of polyester fabrics. Polyester fabrics including first prints were overprinted with a second print paste containing disperse dye. Some working properties of the printed fabrics like air permeability and water repellency were improved. Colour strength of the printed areas: was also increased. Using of ammonium compound surfactants increases weight loss and accelerates the treatment

Evaluation of hematological and genotoxic effects of chronic occupational exposure to lead in printing house workers

Adult lead poisoning commonly occurs from exposure to lead used in workplace. Lead exposure can cause a wide spectrum of adverse health effects. Its genotoxic effects are still debatable. To measure the adverse effects of lead exposure in printing house on some hematological parameters [red blood cells count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels] of workers, and to investigate its genotoxic effects on their leukocytes. The study was carried out on 40 workers exposed to lead in their work at Menoufiya University printing house, and ten control subjects selected from an area free from lead exposure and matched for age and smoking habit. An ex-post-facto study design was used. An interview questionnaire was used to assess biosocial characteristics, occupational history, and work related symptoms. Blood lead, red blood cells [RBCs], hemoglobin [Hb], and hematocrit levels [Hct] were evaluated. DNA fragmentation assay was used for detection of DNA fragmentation in leukocytes. Lead exposed workers has significantly higher mean blood lead than that controls [p < 0.001], 26.4 +/- 7.1 micro g/dL and 8.7 +/- 4.1 micro g/dL, respectively. Exposed workers has significantly lower mean RBCs [4.7 +/- 0.4], Hct [38.2 +/- 4.2] and Hb [13.9 +/- 0.7], compared to controls 5.2 +/- 0.5, 41.3 +/- 4.1, and 14.6 +/- 1.5, respectively. Statistically significantly higher frequency of symptoms of metallic taste, weight loss, fatigue, lack of memory, visual disturbance, and joint pain were reported by exposed workers, compared to controls. Statistically significant increased mean of optical density of DNA fragments at 200, 400 and 600 base pair of leukocytes of lead exposed workers were also shown, compared to controls. Statistically significant negative correlations were revealed between blood lead, duration of work and RBCs, Hct, and Hb. Statistically significant positive correlations were also revealed between blood lead, duration of work and total mean of optical density of DNA fragments. Occupational lead exposure, with increased blood lead level, is associated with decreased RBCs, Hct, and Hb and increased DNA fragmentation in leukocytes of printing workers. It is also associated with increased frequency of many related reported symptoms. Occupational health sendees are essential to eliminate the hazardous effect of lead exposure

The study and implementation of DICOM conformance in the network printing of PACS / 生物医学工程学杂志

To implement the network printing in PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System), each level of DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine) print management service is defined by means of object oriented method, and the corresponding events and properties are implemented with C++ language. It is tested on laser printers of AGFA, KODAK and FUJI to determine whether the network environment supports the print management service and implements the presentation LUT (Look Up Table) correctly. The quality control of printing at the level of data flow is also assessed. The program finally succeeds in realizing the network printing based on DICOM in hospital environment.

Design of print out function for a multi-parameter patient monitor / 中国医疗器械杂志

This paper describes the design of the printing output function for a multi-parameter patient monitor by using the graphic plot function of a Laser Printer. The ECG data are preprocessed with a notch filter and interpolation algorithm. A logical page is constructed in the extended memory for virtual page printing. This monitor is able to output a satisfied printing with ECG waveforms of high quality.

Citologia de impressäo de superficíe ocular: técnica de exame e de coloraçäo / Impression cytology of the ocular surface: examination technique and staining

Objetivo: Apresentar uma técnica de exame e de coloraçäo de amostras de citologia de impressäo da superfície ocular desenvolvida em serviço de referência. Método: Obtiveram-se 28 amostras de citologia de impressäo de pacientes com alteraçöes da superfície ocular no Setor de Doenças Externas Oculares no período de julho a novembro de 1999. Coraram-se e avaliaram-se as amostras microscopicamente no Laboratório de Microbiologia Ocular, do Departamento de Oftalmologia da Universidade Federal de Säo Paulo - Escola Paulista Medicina. Resultados: Desenvolveu-se um modelo de papel de filtro com ápice, base e abertura lateral, que forneceu seu posicionamento correto no olho no momento da colheita e na lâmina para afixaçäo e coloraçäo. A técnica de coloraçäo descrita, que usa ácido períódico-Schiff, hematoxilina e Papanicolaou, é um procedimento econômico e fácil, cora as células caliciformes de róseo e as epiteliais de roxo. Conclusöes: A técnica de exame mostrou-se ideal na avaliaçäo celular das amostras de citologia de impressäo. A citologia de impressäo é um método bastante confiável para o estudo da superfície ocular, no acompanhamento da evoluçäo de patologias externas, e provou ser um procedimento realmente simples, mais barato e mais confortável para o paciente que as biópsias invasivas.